Esame delle urine: si cambia Published in: La Rivista Italiana della Medicina di Laboratorio, July 2017 DOI: 10.1007/s13631-017-0157-7: Authors: Rudi Ravasio, Giulia Previtali, Francesca Nembrini, Maria Grazia Alessio View on publisher site Alert me about new mentions. 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La documentazione di riferimento per l‟esecuzione dell‟esame urine dovrebbe comprendere una accurata descrizione della fase preanalitica, analitica e post-analitica. Test strip analysis plays an important role in urinalysis as such, and the value of test strip urinalysis as a screening method has been thoroughly demonstrated (1). The higher the analyte, the higher the color intensity and, thus, the lower the reflectance. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. 0000000752 00000 n Deferrari G, Repetto M, Calvi C, Ciabattoni M, Rossi C, Robaudo C. Diabetic nephropathy: from micro- to macroalbuminuria. When monitoring our samples, we found a median pH of 6.5 (95% interval, 5–8). The lower limit of detection was 25 mg/L (CV = 2.2%) (18). Orsonneau JL, Douet P, Massoubre C, Lustenberger P, Bernard S. An improved pyrogallol red-molybdate method for determining total urinary protein. TEST DI MEARES. Of course, the frequency of erroneous results depends on the proportion of pathologic samples and on the preanalytical handling of samples. Fig. MODULO DI RICHIESTA ESAMI CITOLOGIA ED ISTOLOGIA via Ettore Majorana 10 - 25020 Flero (BS) - T. 030.6950238 - F. 030.6950239 - P.IVA 03005430982 CITOLOGIA [ ] Esame Citologico Singola Lesione 3034 [ ] Esame Citologico Midollo + Emocromo 3035 [ ] Esame Citologico LCR + Chimico Fisico 3036 [ ] Esame Citologico Liquido Da Versamento 3037 Peele J, Gadsden R, Crews R. Semi-automated vs. visual reading of urinalysis dipsticks. On the other hand, the quantitative evaluation of test strips may help to eliminate analytical errors in RBC counting attributable to the presence of yeast cells or large amounts of calcium carbonate crystals (11)(15). 0000001055 00000 n European urinalysis guidelines. In this study, we compared the URISYS 2400 automated strip reader with the Sysmex UF-100 flow cytometer to evaluate the possible value of quantitative test strip data in a urinary expert system. The reproducibility of urinalysis using multiple reagent test strips. The role of automated urine particle flow cytometry in clinical practice. Specific gravity (refractometry based) and clarity are measured in a flow cell, and color is rated with a specific algorithm against the blank pad on the test strip. Sacks DB, Bruns DE, Goldstein DE, Maclaren NK, McDonald JM, Parrott M. Guidelines and recommendations for laboratory analysis in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus. Correlation between protein (albumin) results obtained by quantitative test strip analysis (y) and albumin (x; Behring BN II Nephelometer; n = 220). Protein field reflectance (y; %) = 68.2 − 9.26 log(albumin; mg/L); Spearman r = −0.825; P <0.001). ESAME CITOLOGICO URINE Modulo da far compilare al paziente al momento della consegna dei campioni entile Signore/Signora, la disponibilità di alcune notizie cliniche è di grande aiuto per una corretta valutazione dell’indagine richiesta. The correlation between WBC data (x) and leukocyte esterase measurements (y) is shown in Fig. TAMPONI URETRALI. The UF-100 automatically detects and counts red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), bacteria, yeast cells, crystals, epithelial cells, small round cells, sperm cells, and casts. No effect of conductivity on the leukocyte esterase field was noted. 0000000015 00000 n The peroxidase-like activity of the hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex. Westgard JO. endobj Ce putem intelege din rezultatul acestei analize medicale: Nu este nici o problema grava acolo. Reproducibility of protein, leukocyte esterase, hemoglobin, and glucose on the URISYS 2400 analyzer. <> It has been extensively evaluated for urinalysis (9)(10)(11)(15) as well as for cerebrospinal fluid analysis (16). Bonnardeaux A, Somerville P, Kaye M. A study on the reliability of dipstick urinalysis. Department of Clinical Chemistry University Hospital Ghent. Test strip measurements had reasonable lower limits of detection for WBC (19 × 106/L). Because microalbuminuria is characterized by large intraindividual variability, an ordinal-scale answer might be misleading. Urina este un produs biologic care joacă un rol important în diagnosticul clinic, fiind obținută prin procedee neinvazive. Ben-Ezra J, Bork L, McPherson RA. ESAME URINE PER IDONEITA’ AGONISTICA MEDICINA DELLO SPORT ... Consegnare il presente modulo e la provetta con le urine (almeno 4 giorni lavorativi prima della data della visita medico sportiva ) presso uno dei seguenti Centri Prelievo, nei giorni e negli orari indicati. Ce intelegem din rezultatul examenului de urina? 0000016709 00000 n Pregled mokraćnog sedimenta tj. The automation of sediment analysis using a new urine flow cytometer (UF-100). As is the case for WBCs, the lower limit of detection for RBCs is acceptable (8 × 106/L). Appunti per la prova scritta ed orale dell’esame di inglese, modulo 1, 2 e 3 previsto dal nuovo ordinamento per la facoltà di medicina e chirurgia per gli studenti del triennio biologico. Modulo di prenotazione. Modulo di prenotazione. Principio del test. • Inserire il codice esame (ECU ) e il codice richiedente 6650. This instrument offers th… Conclusions: In urine test strip analysis, quantitative hemoglobin and leukocyte esterase reflectance data are complementary with flow cytometric results and glucose and albumin results. Modulo di prenotazione. Correlation between RBC counts (x; flow cytometry) and test strip hemoglobin concentration (y) for RBC counts >25 × 106 cells/L (n = 96). Test results, therefore, no longer need to be expressed in an ordinal scale. The two outer solid lines represent the 95% prediction interval around the regression line. Prendere nota dell'ora (ad esempio ore 7). Test strip analysis plays an important role in urinalysis as such, and the value of test strip urinalysis as a screening method has been thoroughly demonstrated (1). The dashed lines represent the lower limit of detection (− − −) with the 2 SD limits (- - - -). bicchiere di plastica monouso). The within- and between-run CVs for protein, leukocyte esterase, hemoglobin, and glucose are summarized in Table 1. Opis fizičkih i fizičko-hemijskih karakteristika mokraće: izgled, boja, miris, reakcija i specifična težina. Because of the procedure for applying the urine to the test strips on the URISYS 2400, improper dipping is no longer a problem, nor is confusion about sample identification or urine contamination caused by dipping the strip in the tube, which potentially leads to interferences with chromatographic methods (31). Predicting diabetic nephropathy [Letter]. Leukocyte esterase reflectance (y; %) = 83.7 − 15.4 log(WBC count; 106 cells/L); Spearman r = −0.688; P <0.001. La provetta contenente le prime urine della mattina deve essere portata e consegnata dall'utente o da suo? In contrast, conductivity showed a t-value of only 1.477 (P = 0.141). In particular, we wanted to compare the reflectance readings of the protein test field with immunochemical microalbumin determinations. We also wanted to explore the possibilities of combining the two novel methods, particularly in the analysis of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and glucose, which are of major clinical importance. Recently, the URISYS 2400 automated urine test strip analyzer (Roche Diagnostics) was introduced. Of all the diagnostically relevant urinary markers, only albumin and transferrin accept protons well, so the potential error of missing Bence Jones proteinuria remains when test strip screening strategies are used in proteinuria (21), although many cases presenting with Bence Jones or tubular proteinuria show microalbuminuria (23). 17 0 obj <> Od krvi se razlikuje po tem, da ne vsebuje krvnih celic (eritrocitov, levkocitov, trombocitov) in makromolekularnih snovi – beljakovin. To fully explore the possibilities of the albumin test pad in first-line diagnosis, a formal study should be performed. The two outer solid lines represent the 95% prediction interval around the regression line. Examen de urina Pagina 8 - Reducere a capacitatii rinichilor de a asigura filtrarea si eliminarea produselor de rebut ale sangelui, de a controla echilibrul corpului in apa si saruri si de a regulariza presiunea sangvina. Bacterial peroxidases can also contribute to total peroxidase activity in urine (23). Urine per esami di citologia urinaria Sassuolo. Combur 10-Test M strips on a Miditron automated reflectance photometer (Roche) (13)(14), used in our routine laboratory, were used in parallel as a control. Mattenheimer H, Adams EC. Agreement was fair between the flow cytometric RBC data (x) and the URISYS 2400 hemoglobin reflectance measurements (y) for counts above the upper reference limit (25 × 106 RBC/L on UF-100). This implies that the test has the potential to offer a screening for microalbuminuria without increased cost, hence coming closer to the “urine test strip of the future” (23). The turnaround time was short enough (2–4 h) not to affect the readings: time intervals can influence results of automated test strip analysis, especially leukocyte and erythrocyte ratings (19). Campione richiesto: urina fresca raccolta al mattino, dopo aver scartata quella della notte. BREATH TEST. Delanghe JR, Kouri TT, Huber AR, Hannemann-Pohl K, Guder WG, Lun A, et al. The inhibitory effect of urine on the peroxidase-like activity of hemoglobin and on horseradish peroxidase. The change from urine microscopy to urinary flow cytometry has been accompanied by a significant decrease in imprecision (15). ECLM. It could be of special interest in patients with undiagnosed diabetes or hypertension in whom microalbuminuria is regarded as an excellent marker for assessing early renal damage (4)(5)(6)(7), particularly because many patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus are asymptomatic and their diabetic state remains undiagnosed for years (24). In this study, the urinary hemoglobin concentration did not agree well with the RBC count obtained by flow cytometry. Citologia per espettorato. The dashed lines represent the lower limit of detection (− − −) with the 2 SD limits (- - - -). Serum free light chain analysis and urine immunofixation electrophoresis in patients with multiple myeloma Autori: Nowrousian MR, Brandhorst D, Sammet C et al. È un’analisi che valuta caratteristiche fisiche come colore, aspetto, odore, ma anche alcune componenti chimiche come proteine, sangue e glucosio. Raccogliere le prime urine del mattino o, in alternativa, le urine emesse dopo almeno 2 ore dalla prima. Agreement between automated flow cytometry and test strip data was evaluated by Spearman rank analysis. Richiesta di esame urine completo per idoneità sportiva agonistica (Cod.esenzione I01) PER ACCETTAZIONE e CONSEGNA CAMPIONE (Compilare IN STAMPATELLO il presente modulo con i dati dell’atleta) Cognome_____Nome_____ In recent studies, the correlation (r) between UFC WBCs and WBCs by counting chamber was 0.93–0.98, and that of UFC RBCs and RBCs by counting chamber was 0.83–0.89 (10)(25)(26). Joris Penders, Tom Fiers, Joris R Delanghe, Quantitative Evaluation of Urinalysis Test Strips, Clinical Chemistry, Volume 48, Issue 12, 1 December 2002, Pages 2236–2241, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/48.12.2236. 0000017492 00000 n Per effettuare l’esame urine compilare il presente modulo in ogni sua parte IN STAMPATELLO:!"!" We also found good agreement between the hexokinase-based glucose method (x) and glucose test strip reflectance reading (y): y (%) = 53.9 − 19.3 logx (mmol/L); Spearman r = −0.851; P <0.001. mikroskopski pregled taloga koji se … Colombo JP eds. The reflectance value, expressed as a percentage within a range from 100% (white) to 0% (black), is therefore inversely related to the concentration of the analyte in the sample. 0000016847 00000 n Data are expressed in an ordinal scale (as “normal”, “negative”, “positive”, or as nominal concentrations) on the reports, but (quantitative) reflectance data can be downloaded to floppy disks. The UF-100 measures the conductivity and categorizes the particles on the basis of their shape, size, volume, and staining characteristics. When urinary WBC counts were higher than the upper reference limit (25 × 106 cells/L), the following regression equation was obtained: y (%) = 83.7 −15.4 logx (106 cells/L); Spearman r = −0.688; P <0.001. 0000029025 00000 n 2. Similarly, protein reflectance data and total protein measurements correlated well (Spearman r = −0.921; P <0.001), which is expected as long as the major protein is albumin. It therefore is advantageous to have a better estimation of the true concentration. 059/21.34.280, nelle Method validation-the detection limit experiment. The UF-100 flow cytometer automatically determines the conductivity, so we performed multiple regression analysis on the study population, calculated in a regression model the hemoglobin reflectance vs RBCs and conductivity, and found that the t-value (as expected) for RBCs was −8.442 (P <0.0001). 0000000868 00000 n (Insieme con il test viene fornito il contenitore urina da 90ml e un modulo in triplice copia).Questo Test Antidroga ha un sistema di stampa del risultato tramite il suo Strumento con software, oppure il risultato del test può essere anche scansionato o fotocopiato. Because microalbuminuria is generally regarded as an excellent marker for assessing early renal damage in common conditions such as diabetes and hypertension (4)(5)(6)(7) and as an early predictor of preeclampsia during pregnancy (8), the availability of highly sensitive test strip readers opens interesting perspectives for assessing this phenomenon. Viene venduto in scatole da 25 pezzi. Regression equation for urinary WBC counts above the upper reference limit (25 × 106 cells/L; n = 132). 0000017558 00000 n Pugia MJ, Lott JA, Kajima J, Saambe T, Sasaki M, Kuromoto K, et al. Istruzioni per esecuzione esame urine per idoneità sportiva agonistica Compilare il modulo sotto allegato necessario per l'accettazione del campione di urina . Various low- and high-molecular mass inhibitors have been found in urine (28)(29). 0000016924 00000 n This is stable for 30 days when stored tightly capped at 2–8 °C. Hemoglobin reflectance (y; %) = 78.2 − 19.4 log(RBC count; 106 cells/L); (Spearman r = −0.680; P <0.001. 0000017717 00000 n Diagnostic accuracy was assessed by ROC analysis using commercially available statistical software (MedCalc®). 0000016556 00000 n 0000028490 00000 n /Contents 17 0 R Nulla è dovuto a pagamento dell’esame urine se l’interessato è minorenne o disabile : se maggiorenne, il pagamento di tale esame è compreso nell’importo dovuto per la visita. (b) In addition, hemoglobin and leukocyte esterase reflectance data are useful for verifying flow cytometric data on RBCs and WBCs. urine delle successive 24 ore, comprese quelle delle ore 7.00 del mattino successivo; durante tutto il periodo di raccolta mantenere il contenitore chiuso in luogo fresco e su superficie sicura, rigorosamente al buio e avvolto in carta stagnola, lontano dalla portata We found a close correlation between the log-transformed albumin results (x) and the test strip reflectance results (y): y (%) = 68.2 − 9.26[logx (mg/L)]; Spearman r = −0.825; P <0.001; Fig. Particles that cannot be classified in one of the former categories are counted as “other cells”. ATTENZIONE: Con questo servizio si accede direttamente alla sala prelievi (per prelievo sangue o tamponi + eventuale campione biologico).Per la consegna di solo materiale biologico (urine, feci, liquido seminale, etc..) è necessario utilizzare il servizio "SALTA LA … The principle is based on argon laser flow cytometry. 0000016642 00000 n Background: Urine test strip results are generally reported in categories (i.e., ordinal scaled), but automated strip readers are now available that can report quantitative data. Per informazioni e/o chiarimenti rivolgersi a : segreteria U.O. 1. Gambke B, Kouri T, Kutter D, Nagel D, Schmid R, Scholer A. Miditron® multicenter evaluation. The two outer solid lines represent the 95% prediction interval around the regression line. 4 depicts the correlation between both measurement methods and the lower limit of detection of 0.17 mmol/L (CV = 1.3%) with the 2 SD limits. A lower limit of detection of 8 × 106 cells/L (CV = 1.2%) was calculated. This leads to improved elimination of occasional errors in the WBC and RBC counting channels of the flow cytometer (11). Van Acker J, Delanghe J, Langlois M, Taes Y, De Buyzere M, Verstraete G. Automated flow cytometric analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. Modificato il 18 aprile 2017 . All samples were completely processed within 2–4 h after arrival. Esame urine completo CHE MATERIALE SERVE PER LA RACCOLTA? In our study correlating test strip data with urinary flow results, r was −0.69 between the flow cytometric WBC count and the leukocyte esterase reaction, although the presence of esterase inhibitors in urine and severe proteinuria might negatively affect test results for leukocyte esterase (1)(27). >> The strips include reagent pads for ordinal scale reporting of relative density, pH, leukocyte esterase, nitrite, protein, glucose, ketones, urobilinogen, bilirubin, and hemoglobin/myoglobin. Urine test strip analysis was performed with the automated URISYS 2400. Screening school children for albuminuria, proteinuria and occult blood with dipsticks. Analiza da indicii despre prezenta infectiilor urinare, sangerarilor la nivelul sistemului urinar, a calculilor urinari sau a anumitor boli ale sangelui, cum ar fi diabetul sau hepatita. 0000007964 00000 n Provetta a fondo conico, trasparente, fornita dal Laboratorio/Centro Prelievi o acquistata in Farmacia. xref As shown by our multiple regression model and dilution experiments, the hemoglobin field reflectance test is not influenced by dilution effects. SPERMIOGRAMMA. 3. The dashed lines represent the lower limit of detection (− − −) with the 2 SD limits (- - - -). Visualizza la pagina con l'elenco dei punti prelievo aggiornata. o campione delle urine raccolte. This instrument offers the possibility to obtain reflectance readings. ����,����bdm,�1"�Ql�m�[2ƥ+����M����}1��a4�Wrg��c�qE:�7輬M�-sx���L�+%{���^�" J�ك�M�Nm0�0�t���=Ƴ)׿1��?���L. Methods: We compared URISYS 2400 (Roche) quantitative reflectance data with data from the UF-100 (Sysmex) and biochemical data for 436 nonpathologic and pathologic urine samples. Recently, the URISYS 2400 automated urine test strip analyzer (Roche Diagnostics) was introduced. Flow cytometry has been introduced for urinalysis (9)(10) to obtain quantitative data on urinary particles. Moreover, a 16% false-positive rate may be unacceptable for screening. L’esame di analisi delle urine (ECMU: Esame Chimico Morfologico Urine) è un comune test di screening, non invasivo per il paziente poiché è necessario un campione delle urine che dev’essere raccolto in un contenitore sterile per la raccolta delle urine. Secrezioni mammarie. The following regression equation was obtained: y (%) = 78.2 −19.4 logx (106 cells/L); Spearman r = −0.680; P <0.001; Fig. 15 0 obj Quantitative determination of hemoglobin in urine. ����~��ݟ_��3��?��s!b��c�x���S涴{���5�֓῰���ĭ#��B}��W������9���,��@Kw_9[g!�s�^�~m~=r��/�1ɸw�ֺ4�koK1��W!ň��8��DI99��� ��-t��,$н�3�_�X p� �Nd�zN���8�7����4�S�xS}�{Gi`E���s1k�� The two outer solid lines represent the 95% prediction interval around the regression line. Because microalbuminuria is defined as excretion of 30–300 mg of albumin/24 h (20–200 μg/min, or 30–300 μg/mg of creatinine) (20), the protein field result allows identification of microalbuminuria cases in contrast to the classic reading and reporting of the strips, which can detect only albumin concentrations 150–200 mg/L or higher (21)(22). The ratio of hemoglobin reflectance to RBC count was constant when osmolality was >190 mosmol/L. 14 0 obj Test strip urinalysis was carried out before flow cytometry analysis (Sysmex UF-100; TOA Medical Electronics), using URISYS strips on a URISYS 2400 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics). Mattenheimer H, Adams EC. Multiple regression analysis on the study population showed no effect of conductivity on test strip leukocyte esterase.